Four development stages of collective intelligence

Renbin XIAO

doi:10.1631/FITEE.2300459

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Four development stages of collective intelligence

Regular Papers | Updated：2024-07-28

- Four development stages of collective intelligence
  Cover Article Enhanced Publication
- 群体智能的四个发展阶段
- Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering Vol. 25, Issue 7, Pages: 903-916(2024)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
  2.Key Laboratory of Image Information Processing and Intelligent Control, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
- Author bio：
  
  E-mail: rbxiao@hust.edu.cn
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1631/FITEE.2300459
  CLC： TP18
- Published：0 July 2024，
  
  Published Online：22 June 2024，
  
  Received：09 July 2023，
  
  Revised：06 April 2024，
- Accepted：
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RENBIN XIAO. Four development stages of collective intelligence. [J]. Frontiers of information technology & electronic engineering, 2024, 25(7): 903-916.
DOI：

RENBIN XIAO. Four development stages of collective intelligence. [J]. Frontiers of information technology & electronic engineering, 2024, 25(7): 903-916. DOI： 10.1631/FITEE.2300459.

摘要

中国学者发起的新一代人工智能研究顺应了信息新环境变化的需求，力图将传统人工智能（人工智能1.0）推进到人工智能2.0的新阶段。作为人工智能的重要组成部分之一，群体智能1.0（群智能）正在向群体智能2.0（众智能）阶段发展。通过深度剖析和翔实论证，发现群体智能1.0与群体智能2.0存在不相容性，据此搭建它们之间的桥梁——以生物合作行为仿生为主的群体智能1.5，作为群体智能1.0到群体智能2.0的过渡，以实现两者的相容。进而对钱学森提出的大成智慧进行新的诠释，将其作为人类智慧仿生的高级阶段——群体智能3.0，指出在深度不确定性下的大模型和大数据的双轮驱动是从群体智能2.0通向群体智能3.0的进化途径并加以阐述，由此提出群体智能的4个发展阶段，形成由上述阶段共居一体所组成的群体智能发展的完整架构，这些不同阶段渐进发展，具有良好的相容性。鉴于合作在群体智能发展阶段中的主导作用，分别论述群体智能中的3种合作类型：低等生物的间接调节型合作、高等生物的直接沟通型合作和人的共享意向型合作。在群体智能中，分工乃是实现合作的主要形式，为此阐释分工行为复杂性与分工类型的关系。最后，基于对所提出的群体智能4个发展阶段整体架构的全方位认识，对群体智能未来的发展方向和研究前景进行展望。

Abstract

The new generation of artificial intelligence (AI) research initiated by Chinese scholars conforms to the needs of a new information environment changes

and strives to advance traditional artificial intelligence (AI 1.0) to a new stage of AI 2.0. As one of the important components of AI

collective intelligence (CI 1.0)

i.‍e.

swarm intelligence

is developing to the stage of CI 2.0 (crowd intelligence). Through in-depth analysis and informative argumentation

it is found that an incompatibility exists between CI 1.0 and CI 2.0. Therefore

CI 1.5 is introduced to build a bridge between the above two stages

which is based on bio-collaborative behavioral mimicry. CI 1.5 is the transition from CI 1.0 to CI 2.0

which contributes to the compatibility of the two stages. Then

a new interpretation of the meta-synthesis of wisdom proposed by Qian Xuesen is given. The meta-synthesis of wisdom

as an improvement of crowd intelligence

is an advanced stage of bionic intelligence

i.‍e.

CI 3.0. It is pointed out that the dual-wheel drive of large language models and big data with deep uncertainty is an evolutionary path from CI 2.0 to CI 3.0

and some elaboration is made. As a result

we propose four development stages (CI 1.0

CI 1.5

CI 2.0

and CI 3.0)

which form a complete framework for the development of CI. These different stages are progressively improved and have good compatibility. Due to the dominant role of cooperation in the development stages of CI

three types of cooperation in CI are discussed: indirect regulatory cooperation in lower organisms

direct communicative cooperation in higher organisms

and shared intention based collaboration in humans. Labor division is the main form of achieving cooperation and

for this reason

this paper investigates the relationship between the complexity of behavior and types of labor division. Finally

based on the overall understanding of the four development stages of CI

the future development direction and research issues of CI are explored.

关键词

群体智能大成智慧不相容性劳动分工合作行为群智涌现大语言模型

Keywords

Collective intelligenceMeta-synthesis of wisdomIncompatibilityLabor divisionCooperative behaviorCollective intelligence emergenceLarge language model

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