SPJEU: a self-sufficient plaintext-related JPEG image encryption scheme based on a unified key

Ming LI; Wenwen ZHOU; Mengdie WANG; Yushu ZHANG; Yong XIANG

doi:10.1631/FITEE.2400721

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SPJEU: a self-sufficient plaintext-related JPEG image encryption scheme based on a unified key

Regular Papers | Updated：2025-07-02

- SPJEU: a self-sufficient plaintext-related JPEG image encryption scheme based on a unified key
- SPJEU：一种基于统一密钥自给自足的关联明文JPEG图像加密方案
- Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering Vol. 26, Issue 6, Pages: 847-861(2025)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.School of Computer and Information Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
  2.Henan Key Laboratory of Educational Artificial Intelligence and Personalized Learning, Xinxiang 453007, China
  3.School of Information Engineering, Anyang Vocational and Technical College, Anyang 455099, China
  4.College of Computer Science and Technology/College of Software, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
  5.School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Victoria 3125, Australia
- Author bio：
  
  E-mail: liming@htu.edu.cn
  2205432344@qq.com
  207281083@qq.com
  ‡ Corresponding author
  yong.xiang@deakin.edu.au
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1631/FITEE.2400721
  CLC： TP399
- Received：18 August 2024，
  
  Revised：11 November 2024，
  
  Published：2025-06
- Accepted：
Scan QR Code
Ming LI, Wenwen ZHOU, Mengdie WANG, et al. SPJEU: a self-sufficient plaintext-related JPEG image encryption scheme based on a unified key[J]. Frontiers of information technology & electronic engineering, 2025, 26(6): 847-861.
DOI：

Ming LI, Wenwen ZHOU, Mengdie WANG, et al. SPJEU: a self-sufficient plaintext-related JPEG image encryption scheme based on a unified key[J]. Frontiers of information technology & electronic engineering, 2025, 26(6): 847-861. DOI： 10.1631/FITEE.2400721.

摘要

在最新的图像加密研究中，为了抵抗选择明文攻击，许多方案将密钥生成过程与明文相关联。然而，当大量图像需要加密时，会有大量与明文相关的附加数据需要传输，从而导致高传输成本、密钥存储空间高要求、密钥管理复杂等问题。因此，本文提出一种基于统一密钥自给自足的明文相关的JPEG图像加密方案（SPJEU）。根据统一密钥选择JPEG图像中的直流系数，使密钥与明文相关联。对选定的直流系数进行同态加密，在密文域通过特定的计算方法实现明文信息的解密。剩余的直流系数采用分组扩散加密，交流系数则按照游程进行分组和排列。大量实验表明，我们的方案不仅可以抵抗选择明文攻击，还避免了在通信信道中传输与明文相关的附加数据，并简化了密钥管理。该方案还能确保密文图像的安全性和格式兼容性，且加密后的文件增量非常小。

Abstract

In recent research on image encryption

many schemes associate the key generation mechanism with the plaintext to resist chosen plaintext attacks. However

when the sender encrypts many images

a large amount of additional data related to the plaintext need to be transmitted

which leads to problems such as high transmission costs

high requirements for key storage space

and complex key management. Therefore

in this paper

we propose a self-sufficient plaintext-related JPEG image encryption scheme based on a unified key (SPJEU). This scheme establishes the connection between the plaintext and the key by selecting the direct current (DC) coefficients in the JPEG image through a unified key. Homomorphic encryption is applied to the selected DC coefficients

allowing plaintext information to be decrypted directly from the ciphertext domain using a specific calculation method. The remaining DC coefficients are encrypted through group diffusion

and the alternating current (AC) coefficients are grouped and permuted based on the run length. Extensive experiments show that our scheme can resist chosen plaintext attacks

avoid transmitting plaintext-related additional data in the communication channel

and simplify key management. This scheme also ensures the security and format compatibility of the ciphertext image

and the file increment after encryption is very small.

关键词

Keywords

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Related Institution

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