SPID: a deep reinforcement learning-based solution framework for siting low-altitude takeoff and landing facilities<sup>#</sup>

Xiaocheng LIU; Meilong LE; Yupu LIU; Minghua HU

doi:10.1631/FITEE.2500534

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SPID: a deep reinforcement learning-based solution framework for siting low-altitude takeoff and landing facilities^#

Special Feature on Engineering and Technology for Low-Altitude Economy Infrastructure | Updated：2026-01-12

- SPID: a deep reinforcement learning-based solution framework for siting low-altitude takeoff and landing facilities^#
  Enhanced Publication
- SPID：一个基于深度强化学习的低空起降设施选址解决方案框架
- “In the field of urban air mobility, this study introduces a deep reinforcement learning-based solution framework, SPID, which significantly enhances solution efficiency and robustness for siting low-altitude takeoff and landing platforms. Expert xx established the SPID system, which provides solutions to solve vertiport siting problems under flight and capacity constraints.”
- ENGINEERING Information Technology & Electronic Engineering Vol. 26, Issue 12, Pages: 2397-2420(2025)
- Affiliations：
  
  College of Civil Aviation, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
- Author bio：
  
  E-mail: lxc2307084@nuaa.edu.cn
  ‡ Corresponding author
  liuyupu@nuaa.edu.cn
  minghuahu@nuaa.edu.cn
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1631/FITEE.2500534
  CLC： TP181
- Received：28 July 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-11-26，
  
  Published：2025-12
- Accepted：
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Xiaocheng LIU, Meilong LE, Yupu LIU, et al. SPID: a deep reinforcement learning-based solution framework for siting low-altitude takeoff and landing facilities^#[J]. ENGINEERING Information Technology & Electronic Engineering, 2025, 26(12): 2397-2420.
DOI：

Xiaocheng LIU, Meilong LE, Yupu LIU, et al. SPID: a deep reinforcement learning-based solution framework for siting low-altitude takeoff and landing facilities^#[J]. ENGINEERING Information Technology & Electronic Engineering, 2025, 26(12): 2397-2420. DOI： 10.1631/FITEE.2500534.

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SPID: a deep reinforcement learning-based solution framework for siting low-altitude takeoff and landing facilities#

DOI：10.1631/FITEE.2500534

SPID: a deep reinforcement learning-based solution framework for siting low-altitude takeoff and landing facilities^#