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Volume 27  Issue 10,2026 2026年第27卷第10 Issue
  • Regular Papers

    Huanghuang DENG, Aoran SUN, Zhan MENG, Yongwei WANG, Luyang CHEN, Dunhan LI, Zhiyu LI, Yue HAN, Zejian LI, Kun KUANG, Zemin LIU, Ning ZOU, Zhou ZHAO, Kejun ZHANG, Lingyun SUN, Yu ZHAO, Fei WU, Yunhe PAN

    Vol. 27, Issue 10, Pages: 1-28(2026) DOI: 10.1631/ENG.ITEE.2026.0124
    Abstract:Graphic visual art is undergoing a profound transformation driven by generative artificial intelligence (AI). This transformation extends beyond technological innovation, reshaping the paradigms of artistic image creation. This paper examines human-centered interactive systems for artistic image creation, aiming to bridge the gap between technology-oriented and art-oriented research. We identify three core challenges in interactive generative art creation: controllability, integrity, and creativity, and analyze in depth the underlying trade-offs among them. Building on this analysis, we systematically review the evolution of generative models, approaches to integrating artistic knowledge, and the emergence of collaborative agentic AI systems. Looking ahead, we emphasize the need to develop human–AI collaborative frameworks that offer greater controllability, preserve human creative agency, and ensure regulatory compliance, while exploring a wide range of potential applications. This study proposes a unified analytical framework that connects AI technologies, human–AI interaction processes, and the integration and innovation of artistic image creation. It further outlines a task-oriented roadmap to guide future research and the development of collaborative systems for artistic image creation.  
    Keywords:Cross-media intelligence;Human–AI collaboration;Visual art creation;Interactive systems;Controllability;Integrity;Creativity   
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  • Regular Papers

    Zhipeng ZHU, Guo LI, Mark Xuefang ZHU, Shanshan KONG, Zhenyu WANG, Wenting XIONG

    Vol. 27, Issue 10, Pages: 1-19(2026) DOI: 10.1631/ENG.ITEE.2026.0168
    Abstract:Technology managers are instrumental in facilitating technology transfer. While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated potential in this domain, evaluating them on the core cognitive capabilities expected of technology managers remains challenging due to the lack of domain-specific benchmarks. To address this challenge, we construct TMBench, a domain-specific benchmark for evaluating the cognitive capabilities expected of technology managers. It comprises a collection of 3474 questions spanning diverse scenarios, covering three tasks and five question types. We integrate typical metrics with LLM-as-a-Judge using both fixed and entropy-based weights to calculate the corresponding dimensional and composite scores. Leveraging this mechanism, we evaluate nine representative models under varying prompt configurations and temperature settings to investigate their capabilities, characterize their error patterns, and benchmark them against human experts. Our results show heterogeneous capabilities, with no single model ranking first across all three capability levels. For higher-order capabilities, LLMs show more favorable point estimates than the human baseline, but the differences are not statistically significant. Chain-of-thought-based prompting is associated with prompt-sensitive capability profiles, with more favorable open-weight performance in the two higher-order tasks. Error analysis identifies knowledge base, retrieval, and application deficits as the most prevalent error category. Building on these findings, this study provides a reference for model selection, prompt engineering, and targeted optimization when applying LLMs in technology transfer.  
    Keywords:Technology transfer;Technology manager;Benchmark;Large language model (LLM)   
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    Updated:2026-11-05
  • Regular Papers

    Chengcheng CHEN, Yuhao ZHOU, Juncai HE, Dongge QIN, Zhanhui SHI, Wei ZHANG, Jicong DUAN, Zhenxue HE, Limin XIAO

    Vol. 27, Issue 10, Pages: 1-16(2026) DOI: 10.1631/ENG.ITEE.2026.0146
    Abstract:Area and power need to be considered at all stages of integrated circuit design. Area and power cooperative optimization for mixed polarity Reed‒Muller (MPRM) circuits aims to find the Pareto non-dominated sets with minimum area and power. Existing multiobjective optimization approaches for MPRM circuits have a long runtime and cannot handle large-scale circuits. In this paper, we propose a multi-strategy quantum wolf pack algorithm (MQWPA), which includes quantum encoding, dual-population strategy, dynamic reverse learning strategy, mutation strategy, and termination criterion. Moreover, based on the proposed MQWPA, we propose an efficient area and power optimization approach (EAPOA), which searches for XNOR/OR-based MPRM circuits with Pareto non-dominated solution sets. Experimental results show that compared with state-of-the-art evolutionary algorithms, MQWPA can search for optimal solutions in multiobjective test problems; compared with commonly used Boolean minimization methods, EAPOA has advantages in area and power consumption. After field-programmable gate array technology and standard cell mapping, by selecting area as the optimal cost implementation, we obtain average improvements in the actual area of 16.33% and 2.27%, respectively.  
    Keywords:Cooperative optimization;Mixed polarity Reed‒Muller;Quantum wolf pack algorithm;Pareto non-dominated sets   
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    Updated:2026-11-05
  • Regular Papers

    Jianqiao YE, Jiahong SUN, Jiandong WANG, Xinyang LI, Puti YAN, Xingye CHEN

    Vol. 27, Issue 10, Pages: 1-11(2026) DOI: 10.1631/ENG.ITEE.2026.0118
    Abstract:Virtual staining converts label-free autofluorescence (AF) images into hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-like brightfield contrast for nondestructive pathology. We adapt the unpaired neural Schrödinger bridge (UNSB) framework to AF-to-H&E virtual staining and develop an enhanced UNSB (E-UNSB) model for pathology-oriented image translation. E-UNSB retains the unpaired, unidirectional, and progressive stochastic transport formulation of UNSB while introducing pathology-specific structural regularization to preserve cellular morphology and tissue architecture. In particular, saliency constraints and global feature consistency provide multi-scale structural guidance to reduce distortion during staining generation. Experiments demonstrate improved distributional similarity and morphometric consistency over the evaluated unsupervised baselines. Quantitative downstream analysis further indicates that virtual H&E images retain morphometric features relevant to pathological assessment, supporting their potential for high-throughput multimodal tissue analysis.  
    Keywords:Virtual staining;Unsupervised learning;Schrödinger bridge;Digital pathology;Image processing   
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    Updated:2026-11-05
  • Regular Papers

    Lanlan WU, Gaoming YANG, Xiujun WANG, Ji ZHANG, Zhi LIU

    Vol. 27, Issue 10, Pages: 1-10(2026) DOI: 10.1631/ENG.ITEE.2026.0151
    Abstract:Industrial anomaly detection is important for intelligent manufacturing since defects can degrade product reliability. Existing methods based on knowledge distillation typically use a single teacher, limiting feature diversity and robustness. Multi-teacher methods often require explicit feature alignment across different network architectures, which may introduce semantic conflicts and weaken anomaly responses. We propose implicit multi-teacher distillation (IMTD) for industrial anomaly detection. IMTD employs three complementary teacher networks, namely ResNet18, ResNet34, and Wide-ResNet50, to capture texture, structural, and semantic representations from different feature spaces. Each teacher is paired with an independent decoder trained only on normal samples, enabling implicit knowledge transfer without cross-architecture feature alignment. A false-negative-aware maximum response aggregation (FN-MRA) module is further introduced to preserve the strongest anomaly evidence during fusion. Experiments on MVTec anomaly detection (MVTec AD), visual anomaly benchmark (VisA), and metal part defect dataset (MPDD) show that IMTD consistently outperforms recent state-of-the-art methods in both image-level and pixel-level anomaly detection. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of combining complementary teachers, implicit reconstruction, and maximum-response aggregation under anomaly-scarce conditions.  
    Keywords:Industrial anomaly detection;Knowledge distillation;Multi-teacher ensemble;Implicit reconstruction;False-negative-aware maximum response aggregation (FN-MRA)   
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    Updated:2026-11-05
  • Regular Papers

    Abstract:This study analyzes the price of anarchy (PoA) for a scheduling game on two hierarchical uniform machines under the parallel processing policy, a coordination mechanism that combines the well-studied ShortestFirst and makespan policies. This scheduling game corresponds to the round-robin scheduling mechanism widely adopted in time-sharing operating systems and network packet processors. This study focuses on makespan minimization. We derive the PoA as a function of the ratio of the speeds of the two machines. We demonstrate that all derived bounds are tight for any ratio, thereby characterizing the inefficiency of Nash equilibria in scheduling games on two uniform machines under parallel processing.  
    Keywords:Scheduling game;Hierarchy;Parallel processing;Price of anarchy (PoA);Nash equilibrium   
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    Updated:2026-11-05
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