A look at field manipulation and antenna design using 3D transformation electromagnetics and 2D surface electromagnetics

Peng-fei ZHANG; Yu-kai YAN; Ying LIU; Raj MITTRA

doi:10.1631/FITEE.1900489

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A look at field manipulation and antenna design using 3D transformation electromagnetics and 2D surface electromagnetics

Special Feature on Evolution and Innovation of Antenna Systems for Beyond 5G and 6G | Updated：2022-05-19

- A look at field manipulation and antenna design using 3D transformation electromagnetics and 2D surface electromagnetics
- 基于3D变换电磁学和2D表面电磁学的电磁场操控和天线设计
- Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering Vol. 21, Issue 3, Pages: 351-365(2020)
- Affiliations：
  
  School of Electrical Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
  Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
  Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia
- Author bio：
  
  Peng-fei ZHANG, E-mail: zhangpf@mail.xidian.edu.cn
  [ "Yu-kai YAN, E-mail: yyk@stu.xidian.edu.cn" ]
  [ "Ying LIU, E-mail: liuying@mail.xidian.edu.cn" ]
  [ "Raj MITTRA, E-mail: rajmittra@ieee.org" ]
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1631/FITEE.1900489
  CLC： TN82
- Received：11 September 2019，
  
  Revised：2020-;2-24，
  
  Published：2020-03
- Accepted：
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Peng-fei ZHANG, Yu-kai YAN, Ying LIU, et al. A look at field manipulation and antenna design using 3D transformation electromagnetics and 2D surface electromagnetics[J]. Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering, 2020, 21(3): 351-365.
DOI：

Peng-fei ZHANG, Yu-kai YAN, Ying LIU, et al. A look at field manipulation and antenna design using 3D transformation electromagnetics and 2D surface electromagnetics[J]. Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering, 2020, 21(3): 351-365. DOI： 10.1631/FITEE.1900489.

摘要

尽管人们已经开发了针对不同类型天线的多种设计技术，如线天线、贴片天线、透镜天线以及反射面等，但尚未构建普适的框架技术—普适框架技术应可用于各种天线的综合与设计，使天线具有满足使用者特定需求的电气特性。近年来，5G通信及各种空天技术、国防应用、生物医疗和类似应用的快速发展，迫切需要天线设计技术的大幅提升。本文从场操控角度剖视天线设计技术，为这种框架性构建提供一个可能的思考，以期最终部分满足这种需求。首先，回顾现有操控技术，包括基于麦克斯韦方程和波动方程在内的场变换方法，指出这些技术的局限性，并提出改善性能的方法。其次，介绍一种基于2D超表面的场操控方法及其理论基础--广义反射和折射定律。进一步，探索如何利用2D超表面克服传统的由临界角严格限制的反射和折射局限性。最后，给出场操控方法在天线设计中的应用实例，以期引导人们发展面向未来通信天线设计的通用策略和方法。

Abstract

While many techniques have been developed for the design of different types of antennas

such as wire antenna

patch antenna

lenses

and reflectors

these cannot be said general-purpose strategies for the synthesis and design of antennas to achieve the performance characteristics specified by users. Recently

there has been an increasing need for the development of antenna design techniques because of the advent of 5G and a variety of space

defense

biological

and similar applications

for which a robust and general-purpose design tool is not to be developed. The main objective of this study is to take a look at antenna design from the field manipulation point of view

which has the potential to partially fulfill this need. We review the existing field manipulation techniques

including field transformation methods based on Maxwell's and wave equations

point out some limitations of these techniques

and then present ways to improve the performance of these methods. Next

we introduce an alternative approach for field manipulation based on two-dimensional (2D) metasurfaces

and present laws of the generalized reflection and refraction that are based on 2D surface electromagnetics. Then

we explore how to overcome the limitations of conventional reflection and refraction processes that are strictly bounded by the critical angle. Finally

we provide some application examples of field manipulation methods in the antenna design

with a view on developing a general-purpose strategy for antenna design for future communication.

关键词

Keywords

references

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