A novel grey wolf optimizer and its applications in 5G frequency selection surface design

Zhihao HE; Gang JIN; Yingjun WANG

doi:10.1631/FITEE.2100580

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A novel grey wolf optimizer and its applications in 5G frequency selection surface design

Regular Papers | Updated：2022-09-29

- A novel grey wolf optimizer and its applications in 5G frequency selection surface design
- 一种新型灰狼优化算法及其在5G频率选择表面设计中的应用
- Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering Vol. 23, Issue 9, Pages: 1338-1353(2022)
- Affiliations：
  
  1.National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510641, China
  2.Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510641, China
  3.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510641, China
- Author bio：
  
  †E-mail: wangyj84@scut.edu.cn
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1631/FITEE.2100580
  CLC： TP391.9; TN929.5
- Received：22 December 2021，
  
  Revised：2022-07-04，
  
  Accepted：02 June 2022，
  
  Published：23 September 2022
- Accepted：
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HE Zhihao,JIN Gang,WANG Yingjun.A novel grey wolf optimizer and its applications in 5G frequency selection surface design^*#[J].Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering,2022,23(09):1338-1353.
DOI：

HE Zhihao,JIN Gang,WANG Yingjun.A novel grey wolf optimizer and its applications in 5G frequency selection surface design^*#[J].Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering,2022,23(09):1338-1353. DOI： 10.1631/FITEE.2100580.

摘要

第五代无线通信系统（5G）的发展使元启发算法与电磁设备的设计过程结合得更为紧密。本文提出一种自适应灰狼优化器（SAGWO），并将其与一种基于单元节点的5G频率选择面（FSS）优化模型相结合。SAGWO包含3种改进策略：改进初始头狼的分配，增加随机探索能力和增强局部搜索能力，以加快收敛速度，有效避免局部最优。在基准函数测试中，SAGWO优于其他5种优化算法：原始灰狼优化器（GWO）、遗传算法（GA）、粒子群优化器（PSO）、改进灰狼优化算法（IGWO）和基于选择性对抗的灰狼优化算法（SOGWO）。因为SAGWO具有良好全局寻优能力，所以SAGWO适用于解决具有较大设计空间的5G FSS优化问题。将SAGWO与新的FSS优化模型相结合，能自动生成在中心工作频率处具有电磁屏蔽能力的FSS结构。为验证所提方法，本文设计了在28 GHz处具有电磁屏蔽能力的双层环形FSS。结果表明，优化后的FSS在中心频率处具有较好电磁干扰屏蔽能力和较高角稳定性。最后，制作并测试了优化后的FSS样品。

Abstract

In fifth-generation wireless communication system (5G)

more connections are built between metaheuristics and electromagnetic equipment design. In this paper

we propose a self-adaptive grey wolf optimizer (SAGWO) combined with a novel optimization model of a 5G frequency selection surface (FSS) based on FSS unit nodes. SAGWO includes three improvement strategies

improving the initial distribution

increasing the randomness

and enhancing the local search

to accelerate the convergence and effectively avoid local optima. In benchmark tests

the proposed optimizer performs better than the five other optimization algorithms: original grey wolf optimizer (GWO)

genetic algorithm (GA)

particle swarm optimizer (PSO)

improved grey wolf optimizer (IGWO)

and selective opposition based grey wolf optimization (SOGWO). Due to its global searchability

SAGWO is suitable for solving the optimization problem of a 5G FSS that has a large design space. The combination of SAGWO and the new FSS optimization model can automatically obtain the shape of the FSS unit with electromagnetic interference shielding capability at the center operating frequency. To verify the performance of the proposed method

a double-layer ring FSS is designed with the purpose of providing electromagnetic interference shielding features at 28 GHz. The results show that the optimized FSS has better electromagnetic interference shielding at the center frequency and has higher angular stability. Finally

a sample of the optimized FSS is fabricated and tested.

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