The artificial endocrine system (AES) is a new branch of natural computing which uses ideas and takes inspiration from the information processing mechanisms contained in the mammalian endocrine system. It is a fast growing research field in which a variety of new theoretical models and technical methods have been studied for dealing with complex and significant problems. An overview of some recent advances in AES modeling and its applications is provided in this paper

based on the major and latest works. This review covers theoretical modeling

combinations of algorithms

and typical application fields. A number of challenges that can be undertaken to help move the field forward are discussed according to the current state of the AES approach.