从E级计算到Z级计算的新挑战与新技术

廖湘科; 卢凯; 杨灿群; 李晋文; 袁远; 赖明澈; 黄立波; 陆平静; 方建滨; 任静; 沈洁

doi:10.1631/FITEE.1800494

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从E级计算到Z级计算的新挑战与新技术

后E级超算专辑 | Updated：2022-05-19

- 从E级计算到Z级计算的新挑战与新技术
- Moving from exascale to zettascale computing: challenges and techniques
- 信息与电子工程前沿（英文） 2018年19卷第10期页码：1236-1244
- Affiliations：
  
  College of Computer, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
- Author bio：
  
  Kai LU, E-mail: kailu@nudt.edu.cn
- Funds：
  
  Project supported by the National Key Technology R & D Program of China (No. 2016YFB0200401)
- DOI：10.1631/FITEE.1800494
  中图分类号： TP311
- 收稿：2018-08-16，
  
  修回：2018-10-15，
  
  纸质出版：2018-10
- Accepted：
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廖湘科, 卢凯, 杨灿群, 等. 从E级计算到Z级计算的新挑战与新技术[J]. 信息与电子工程前沿（英文）, 2018,19(10):1236-1244.

Xiang-ke LIAO, Kai LU, Can-qun YANG, et al. Moving from exascale to zettascale computing: challenges and techniques[J]. Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering, 2018, 19(10): 1236-1244.
廖湘科, 卢凯, 杨灿群, 等. 从E级计算到Z级计算的新挑战与新技术[J]. 信息与电子工程前沿（英文）, 2018,19(10):1236-1244. DOI： 10.1631/FITEE.1800494.

Xiang-ke LIAO, Kai LU, Can-qun YANG, et al. Moving from exascale to zettascale computing: challenges and techniques[J]. Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering, 2018, 19(10): 1236-1244. DOI： 10.1631/FITEE.1800494.

摘要

高性能计算已成为促进传统与新兴领域科技创新取得进展的基础设施。随着高性能计算的发展，E级系统（每秒10

次浮点运算）预计2020年前后投入使用。实现E级计算后的10年（2020-2030）将成为E级计算向Z级计算（每秒10

次浮点运算）过渡的关键时期，计算能力提升将面临前所未有的挑战。从硬件和软件方面分析未来高性能计算的挑战，展望后E级计算时代的技术发展与革新，并提出未来实现E级计算向Z级计算过渡的可行性建议。

Abstract

High-performance computing (HPC) is essential for both traditional and emerging scientific fields

enabling scientific activities to make progress. With the development of high-performance computing

it is foreseeable that exascale computing will be put into practice around 2020. As Moore's law approaches its limit

high-performance computing will face severe challenges when moving from exascale to zettascale

making the next 10 years after 2020 a vital period to develop key HPC techniques. In this study

we discuss the challenges of enabling zettascale computing with respect to both hardware and software. We then present a perspective of future HPC technology evolution and revolution

leading to our main recommendations in support of zettascale computing in the coming future.

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