卫星通信大型双极化中国版图赋形微带反射阵天线的优化设计

赵钢; 焦永昌; 陈官韬

doi:10.1631/FITEE.1900496

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卫星通信大型双极化中国版图赋形微带反射阵天线的优化设计

后5G与6G天线系统演进与创新专辑 | Updated：2022-05-19

- 卫星通信大型双极化中国版图赋形微带反射阵天线的优化设计
- Optimal design of a large dual-polarization microstrip reflectarray with China-coverage patterns for satellite communications
- 信息与电子工程前沿（英文） 2020年21卷第1期页码：159-173
- Affiliations：
  
  National Key Laboratory of Antennas and Microwave Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
- Author bio：
  
  [ "Gang ZHAO, E-mail: gangzhao@mail.xidian.edu.cn" ]
  Yong-chang JIAO, E-mail: ychjiao@xidian.edu.cn
  [ "Guan-tao CHEN, E-mail: gtchen@stu.xidian.edu.cn" ]
- Funds：
  
  Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFB0202102)
- DOI：10.1631/FITEE.1900496
  中图分类号： TN828.5
- 收稿：2019-09-16，
  
  修回：2020-;1-18，
  
  纸质出版：2020-01
- Accepted：
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赵钢, 焦永昌, 陈官韬. 卫星通信大型双极化中国版图赋形微带反射阵天线的优化设计[J]. 信息与电子工程前沿（英文）, 2020,21(1):159-173.

Gang ZHAO, Yong-chang JIAO, Guan-tao CHEN. Optimal design of a large dual-polarization microstrip reflectarray with China-coverage patterns for satellite communications[J]. Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering, 2020, 21(1): 159-173.
赵钢, 焦永昌, 陈官韬. 卫星通信大型双极化中国版图赋形微带反射阵天线的优化设计[J]. 信息与电子工程前沿（英文）, 2020,21(1):159-173. DOI： 10.1631/FITEE.1900496.

Gang ZHAO, Yong-chang JIAO, Guan-tao CHEN. Optimal design of a large dual-polarization microstrip reflectarray with China-coverage patterns for satellite communications[J]. Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering, 2020, 21(1): 159-173. DOI： 10.1631/FITEE.1900496.

摘要

设计了一款具有中国版图赋形的大型双频双极化微带反射阵天线。为充分补偿两个频段范围内的空间相位延迟差，采用一种适用于大型双极化反射阵的3层矩形贴片单元。由于赋形区域形状复杂、赋形增益要求很高，该反射阵天线单元数量超过25 000个，优化变量数超过150 000个，导致其设计非常困难。本文首先通过离散快速傅里叶变换及其逆变换建立口径场和远场的一一对应关系，为赋形反射阵天线的优化奠定基础。进而采用基于交替投影的交集方法，优化获得多个典型频率下所有单元的目标反射相位。为避免优化过程陷入局部极值点，采用一种产生合适初始解的新方法。为验证设计方法的有效性，制作了一个7569单元的双极化反射阵天线并进行实验测试。测试与仿真结果吻合良好。为使宽带工作的大型反射阵天线带宽范围的空间相位延迟极小化，提出一种确定馈源最佳位置的方法。为在两个相互正交方向上同时找到单元的最优尺寸，建立一种新的优化模型，通过正多面体优化方法进行优化计算。最后，设计了一款覆盖中国陆地版图的单元数为25 305的双频双极化微带反射阵天线。仿真结果表明，该反射阵天线在两个工作频带范围内均可满足中国版图覆盖要求，证明所提出的复杂赋形波束大型反射阵天线优化设计方法可靠和有效。

Abstract

A large dual-polarization microstrip reflectarray with China-coverage patterns in two operating bands is designed. To sufficiently compensate for the spatial phase delay differences in two operating bands separately

a three-layer rectangular patch element is addressed

which is suitable for the large dual-polarization reflectarray. Due to the complexly shaped areas and high gain requirements

there are more than 25 000 elements in the reflectarray

making it difficult to design

due to more than 150 000 optimization variables. First

the discrete fast Fourier transform (DFFT) and the inverse DFFT are used to establish a one-to-one relationship between the aperture distribution and the far field

which lays a foundation for optimizing the shaped-beam reflectarray. The intersection approach

based on the alternating projection

is used to obtain the desired reflection phases of all the elements at some sample frequencies

and a new method for producing a suitable initial solution is proposed to avoid undesired local minima. To validate the design method

a dual-polarization shaped-beam reflectarray with 7569 elements is fabricated and measured. The measurement results are in reasonable agreement with the simulation ones. Then

for the large broadband reflectarray with the minimum differential spatial phase delays in the operating band

an approach for determining the optimal position of the feed is discussed. To simultaneously find optimal dimensions of each element in two orthogonal directions

we establish a new optimization model

which is solved by the regular polyhedron method. Finally

a dual-band dual-polarization microstrip reflectarray with 25 305 elements is designed to cover the continent of China. Simulation results show that patterns of the reflectarray meet the China-coverage requirements in two operating bands

and that the proposed optimization method for designing large reflectarrays with complexly shaped patterns is reliable and efficient.

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