“In the field of network switching architecture, researchers have made significant progress. They proposed a de-blocking adaptive feedback control (AFC) design for the combined input and output queued (CIOQ) switching architecture. This design introduces a credit timeout detection mechanism (CTDM) and combines a VOQ dynamic regulation algorithm (VDRA) with a threshold dynamic adaptive algorithm (TDAA) to address issues like head-of-line blocking, packet loss, and congestion spreading. Theoretical analysis and experiments show that the proposed design achieves high throughput, low latency, and improved system stability, outperforming traditional architectures.”